A Complete Guide - What is Web Designing using Html, JavaScript and CSS
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Step-by-Step Guide: How to Implement What is Web Designing using Html, JavaScript and CSS
Step 1: Set Up Your Project
Create a folder on your computer where you'll store all the files related to your website. You can name this folder something like my-first-website.
Inside this folder, create three files:
index.htmlstyle.cssscript.js
These files will hold the HTML, CSS, and JavaScript code respectively.
Step 2: Basic HTML Structure
Open index.html in a text editor and add the following basic structure:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>My First Website</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="style.css">
<script src="script.js" defer></script>
</head>
<body>
<header>
<h1>Welcome to My Website</h1>
</header>
<nav>
<ul>
<li><a href="#home">Home</a></li>
<li><a href="#about">About</a></li>
<li><a href="#contact">Contact</a></li>
</ul>
</nav>
<main>
<section id="home">
<h2>Home</h2>
<p>This is the home section of my website.</p>
</section>
<section id="about">
<h2>About</h2>
<p>This is the about section of my website.</p>
</section>
<section id="contact">
<h2>Contact</h2>
<p>This is the contact section of my website.</p>
</section>
</main>
<footer>
<p>© 2023 My First Website</p>
</footer>
</body>
</html>
Explanation:
- DOCTYPE Declaration: This tells the browser that this document is an HTML5 document.
- HTML Tag: The wrapper for the entire document.
- Head Section: Contains meta-information about the document, like its title and links to external files (CSS and JS).
- Link to CSS:
<link rel="stylesheet" href="style.css">connects the HTML to the CSS file, allowing us to style our web pages. - Script Tag for JS:
<script src="script.js" defer></script>connects the HTML to the JavaScript file. Thedeferattribute ensures the script is run after the HTML has been parsed. - Body Section: Contains the actual content of the web page.
Step 3: Adding Some Styling with CSS
Open style.css in a text editor and add the following styles:
/* General Styles */
body {
font-family: Arial, sans-serif;
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
}
/* Header Styles */
header {
background-color: #333;
color: #fff;
padding: 1em;
text-align: center;
}
/* Navigation Bar Styles */
nav ul {
list-style-type: none;
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
overflow: hidden;
background-color: #444;
display: flex;
justify-content: center;
}
nav ul li {
float: left;
}
nav ul li a {
display: block;
color: white;
text-align: center;
padding: 14px 16px;
text-decoration: none;
}
nav ul li a:hover {
background-color: #575757;
}
/* Main Content Styles */
main {
padding: 20px;
line-height: 1.6;
}
section {
margin-bottom: 30px;
}
/* Footer Styles */
footer {
background-color: #333;
color: white;
position: fixed;
width: 100%;
bottom: 0;
text-align: center;
padding: 10px 0;
}
Explanation:
- General Styles: Sets the font and removes default margins and paddings from the body for cleaner layout.
- Header Styles: Makes the header black (
#333) with white text (#fff), and centers it. - Navigation Bar Styles: Adds a dark gray background (
#444) with white centered links. Links change to slightly lighter gray when hovered. - Main Content Styles: Adds padding around the main content area and sets its line height.
- Footer Styles: Fixes the footer to the bottom of the viewport with a black background and white text, and centers it.
Step 4: Adding Interactivity with JavaScript
Open script.js in a text editor and add the following script:
// Function to display the current date and time in the footer
function displayDateTime() {
const footer = document.querySelector('footer');
const now = new Date();
const dateTimeString = now.toLocaleTimeString() + ' ' + now.toLocaleDateString();
footer.textContent += ' - Last updated on: ' + dateTimeString;
}
// Execute the function once the window loads
window.onload = displayDateTime;
Explanation:
- Selecting the Footer:
const footer = document.querySelector('footer');selects thefooterelement in the HTML. - Creating a New Date Object:
const now = new Date();creates a new date object that holds the current date and time. - Formatting the Date and Time:
const dateTimeString = now.toLocaleTimeString() + ' ' + now.toLocaleDateString();converts the date and time to a human-readable format. - Appending Text to the Footer:
footer.textContent += ' - Last updated on: ' + dateTimeString;appends the formatted date and time to the footer text. - Executing on Window Load:
window.onload = displayDateTime;ensures the function runs as soon as the web page finishes loading.
Step 5: Opening the Web Page
To see your web page in action, double-click the index.html file or drag it into any web browser (like Chrome, Firefox, or Edge).
You should see a simple website with a header saying "Welcome to My Website", a navigation bar, and three sections labeled Home, About, and Contact. At the bottom, you will see the footer that says "© 2023 My First Website - Last updated on: " followed by the current date and time.
Conclusion
This is a very basic introduction to web designing using HTML, CSS, and JavaScript. As you get more comfortable with these technologies, you'll be able to create more complex and dynamic websites. Happy coding!
Top 10 Interview Questions & Answers on What is Web Designing using Html, JavaScript and CSS
Top 10 Questions and Answers on Web Designing using HTML, JavaScript, and CSS
1. What is Web Designing?
2. What are the core technologies of Web Designing?
Answer: The core technologies of Web Designing are HTML (HyperText Markup Language), CSS (Cascading Style Sheets), and JavaScript. HTML is used for structuring the content of the web page, CSS is used for styling and layout, and JavaScript is used for creating interactive elements.
3. What is HTML and why is it essential for Web Designing?
Answer: HTML stands for HyperText Markup Language. It is the standard markup language used to create the structure and content of web pages. HTML is essential because it forms the backbone of any website, organizing elements like text, images, videos, and other media types into a coherent structure.
4. What is CSS and how does it work?
Answer: CSS stands for Cascading Style Sheets. It is a style sheet language used for describing the presentation of a document written in HTML or other markup languages. CSS specifies how HTML elements should be displayed on the screen, on paper, or in other media. It controls the layout, colors, fonts, and spacing, among other visual and structural aspects.
5. How does JavaScript contribute to Web Designing?
Answer: JavaScript is a programming language that adds interactive and dynamic elements to websites. It allows web designers to create complex features such as form validation, animations, interactive maps, and real-time data updates without leaving the browser. JavaScript ensures that websites are not only visually appealing but also highly interactive and functional.
6. Can HTML be used without CSS?
Answer: While it is technically possible to create web pages using only HTML, they would be plain and缺乏 visual appeal. CSS is crucial for styling and layout, making content more readable and enhancing user experience with colors, fonts, spacing, and other design elements. Using CSS with HTML ensures that the content not only exists but is also presented in an attractive and organized format.
7. Can websites be designed without JavaScript?
Answer: Yes, websites can be designed without JavaScript. Some websites, especially those focused on static content with limited interactivity (such as blogs or portfolio websites), can function well without JavaScript. However, JavaScript is essential for adding dynamic and interactive elements, enhancing user experience, and providing advanced features that improve the functionality of web pages.
8. What are the benefits of learning HTML, CSS, and JavaScript together?
Answer: Learning HTML, CSS, and JavaScript together provides a comprehensive understanding of web design and development. HTML, CSS, and JavaScript work in tandem to create interactive, responsive, and visually appealing websites. mastering these fundamental technologies equips designers and developers with the skills necessary to craft sophisticated web experiences from scratch, spanning everything from static sites to interactive web applications.
9. What resources are available for learning these technologies?
Answer: There are numerous resources available for learning HTML, CSS, and JavaScript:
- Online Courses: Websites like Codecademy, Udemy, Coursera, and freeCodeCamp offer structured courses.
- Tutorials and Documentation: Mozilla Developer Network (MDN) provides detailed tutorials and documentation.
- Books: Books such as "Eloquent JavaScript" and "CSS Secrets" offer in-depth knowledge.
- YouTube: Channels like Traversy Media and The Net Ninja offer video tutorials.
- Communities and Forums: Platforms like Stack Overflow and Reddit have communities where you can ask questions and share knowledge.
10. How can I stay updated with the latest trends in Web Designing?
Answer: Staying updated with the latest trends in web designing involves continuous learning and engagement:
- Follow Blogs and Magazines: Websites like Smashing Magazine, CSS-Tricks, and Web Design Ledger offer regular updates on trends.
- Join Communities: Participate in forums, attend webinars, and join local or online meetups to connect with other professionals.
- Explore New Tools and Technologies: Tools like Bootstrap, React, and Vue.js evolve rapidly; keeping abreast of these advancements can enhance your skills.
- Follow Experts: Follow industry leaders on social media platforms like Twitter. They often share insights and tips related to web design and development.
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